[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/jak-se-vyvinulo-peri\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/jak-se-vyvinulo-peri\/","headline":"Jak se vyvinulo pe\u0159\u00ed","name":"Jak se vyvinulo pe\u0159\u00ed","description":"Pokud se n\u011bkoho zept\u00e1me, co je pro pt\u00e1ky typick\u00e9, pak jednou z\u00a0nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00ed bude bezpochyby pe\u0159\u00ed. To m\u00e1 hned n\u011bkolik funkc\u00ed \u2013 slou\u017e\u00ed jako tepeln\u00e1 izolace a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i letu. Oboj\u00ed je p\u0159itom pro tato zv\u00ed\u0159ata velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt. Je v\u0161ak celkem jasn\u00e9, \u017ee pe\u0159\u00ed neexistovalo v\u017edy. N\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem a z\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu se ... <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/jak-se-vyvinulo-peri\/\" class=\"more-link\">P\u0159e\u010d\u00edst<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \"Jak se vyvinulo pe\u0159\u00ed\"<\/span> &raquo;<\/a>","datePublished":"2023-10-06","dateModified":"2023-12-07","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/664d9cd24f58d4d0b526991e1fec4656a216f6db124bbd66c69ade0e846d4f16?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/664d9cd24f58d4d0b526991e1fec4656a216f6db124bbd66c69ade0e846d4f16?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"gcma.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/art475144_3x2_20261002_212625_ajtN7R.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/art475144_3x2_20261002_212625_ajtN7R.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/jak-se-vyvinulo-peri\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":444,"articleBody":"\tPokud se n\u011bkoho zept\u00e1me, co je pro pt\u00e1ky typick\u00e9, pak jednou z\u00a0nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00ed bude bezpochyby pe\u0159\u00ed. To m\u00e1 hned n\u011bkolik funkc\u00ed \u2013 slou\u017e\u00ed jako tepeln\u00e1 izolace a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i letu. Oboj\u00ed je p\u0159itom pro tato zv\u00ed\u0159ata velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt.\tJe v\u0161ak celkem jasn\u00e9, \u017ee pe\u0159\u00ed neexistovalo v\u017edy. N\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem a z\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu se muselo vyvinout, stejn\u011b jako schopnost l\u00e9tat. A dnes ji\u017e m\u00e1me dostatek znalost\u00ed k\u00a0tomu, abychom mohli odpov\u011bd\u011bt na ot\u00e1zku, jak a pro\u010d k\u00a0tomu do\u0161lo.\tPrap\u016fvodn\u00ed proto-pe\u0159\u00ed zn\u00e1me ji\u017e z\u00a0druhohorn\u00edch fos\u00edli\u00ed. Ukazuje se, \u017ee se vyvinulo modifikac\u00ed \u0161upin, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed plazi a nap\u0159\u00edklad ryby. Tyto \u0161upiny se za\u010daly pomalu prodlu\u017eovat a st\u00e1valy se tak\u00e9 m\u011bk\u010d\u00edmi. V\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b samoz\u0159ejm\u011b je\u0161t\u011b neexistovali pt\u00e1ci, jak je zn\u00e1me dnes, jejich z\u00e1klady v\u0161ak byly ji\u017e polo\u017eeny.\tTito ope\u0159en\u00ed tvorov\u00e9 tehdy je\u0161t\u011b nel\u00e9tali. Del\u0161\u00ed, m\u011bk\u010d\u00ed \u0161upiny jim v\u0161ak zaji\u0161\u0165ovaly lep\u0161\u00ed tepelnou izolaci, co\u017e bylo pro teplokrevn\u00e9 suchozemsk\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010dichy velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Koneckonc\u016f nen\u00ed n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee si naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0nich vyvinula n\u011bjakou pokr\u00fdvku t\u011bla, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o pe\u0159\u00ed \u010di srst.\t\tBrzy v\u0161ak tito tvorov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161li na to, \u017ee toto proto-pe\u0159\u00ed m\u00e1 i dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i b\u011bhu umo\u017e\u0148uje l\u00e9pe udr\u017eovat rovnov\u00e1hu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pak v\u00a0ostr\u00fdch zat\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch. To se hodilo zejm\u00e9na drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pred\u00e1tor\u016fm, jako byli nap\u0159\u00edklad rapto\u0159i.\tNen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj pe\u0159\u00ed pokra\u010doval i nad\u00e1le. Pozd\u011bji jej za\u010dali samci pou\u017e\u00edvat pro l\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed sami\u010dek, a tak se za\u010daly pomalu objevovat nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pestr\u00e9 barvy. Tak\u00e9 postupn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj letu znamenal ur\u010dit\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je pak ope\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zn\u00e1me dnes.\tJe v\u0161ak pom\u011brn\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee s\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou pt\u00e1k\u016f jej nikde jinde nenalezneme. Tato adaptace, by\u0165 evidentn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, se objevila pouze u jedn\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 rodiny. Savci dali p\u0159ednost srsti, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 p\u0159eci jen o n\u011bco lep\u0161\u00ed tepeln\u011b-izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti a pro suchozemsk\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010dichy se hod\u00ed l\u00e9pe, a ti studenokrevn\u00ed pak maj\u00ed hladkou k\u016f\u017ei, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b \u0161upiny. A to pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00e9, ze kter\u00fdch se ono pe\u0159\u00ed vyvinulo p\u016fvodn\u011b.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4\/5 - (1 vote)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Jak se vyvinulo pe\u0159\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.gcma.cz\/jak-se-vyvinulo-peri\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]